(b) Where it is found necessary to place the Distant Signal Arm worked from a Signal-box in advance on the post of the Home, Starting, or Advanced Starting Signal applicable to the same Line, of the Box in the rear, the Distant Signal will be the lower, and the Home, Starting, or Advanced Starting Signal the upper, Arm of that post.
35. Distant Signals must be placed at Danger immediately they are passed by a train, and also whenever any obstruction or danger exists upon the Line they are intended to protect.
36. When an Engine-driver finds a Distant Signal at Danger he must reduce speed and proceed cautiously towards the Home Signal, being prepared to stop if necessary.
37. Where the Distant Signal worked from one Box is fixed near to another Box, the Signalman on duty at the Box near to which the Signal is fixed will be held responsible for seeing that the Signal is in working order, and that the light of such Signal is burning properly when necessary. This will not, however, relieve the Signalman from whose Box the Distant Signal is worked from satisfying himself that the Signal is working correctly.
HOME SIGNALS.
38. Home Signals are fixed at Stations, Junctions, Sidings, and Signal-boxes, and, as a rule, are so placed as to indicate by their positions the Lines to which they apply; when more Arms than one are fixed on the same side of a post they apply generally as follow, viz.:-
The first or top Arm, to the Line on the left ;
The second Arm, to the Line next in order from the left ;
and so on.
39. (a) No train must pass a Home Signal at Danger, or foul the Crossings or points to which it applies, except as prescribed in Rules 73 and 232, or where a Calling-on Arm is in use.
(b) When a train has been stopped, or brought nearly to a stand at a Home Signal, and it is necessary to bring it within the Home Signal before the Section ahead is clear, The Signalman must, where a Starting Signal is provided, and that Signal is at Danger, lower the Home Signal for the train to draw ahead.
40. (a) When the Starting Signal is at Danger the Home Signal must not be lowered for an approaching train until the train is close to the Home Signal, and has been brought quite, or nearly, to a stand at it. In foggy weather or during falling snow the Engine-driver must, when practicable, be verbally informed that he is only to draw forward towards the Starting Signal.
(b) The Engine-driver of any train which has been thus stopped, or brought nearly to a stand, at a Home Signal, must, after that Signal has been lowered, go slowly forward towards the Starting Signal, but must only proceed as far as is necessary to leave the last vehicle well clear of the Points and Crossings and within sight of the Signalman. The Starting Signal must not be passed until it is lowered, except as provided in Rule 44.
(c) If the Signal-box is between the Home and Starting Signals the Engine-driver must be prepared to stop at the Box if necessary.
(d) When trains are allowed to go forward under the "Section Clear but Station or Junction Blocked" Signal (Block Telegraph Rule 5), the Signalman must, if the train has not already passed the Home Signal towards the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal, bring the train to a stand at the Home Signal, and verbally instruct the Engine-driver that the Section is clear to the next Home Signal, but that the Station or Junction ahead is Blocked. A Green Flag by day and a Green Light by night, held steadily in the hand, must at the same time be exhibited to the Engine-driver, and the necessary Fixed Signals lowered to give permission for the train to proceed.
(e) Where the Home Signal is at such a distance from the Signal-box that it is not possible for the Signalman to communicate verbally with the Driver when the engine is standing at the Home Signal, and there is no Calling-on arm, the Signalman must, after bringing the train to a stand at the Home Signal, lower it to allow the Engine-driver to draw to his Box, and must stop the train at the Box by exhibiting a Red Flag by day and a Red Light by night. The Engine-driver must then be verbally instructed that the Section is clear to the next Home Signal, but that the Station or Junction ahead is blocked ; after which a Green Flag by day and a Green Light by night, held steadily in the hand, must be exhibited to the Engine-driver, and the necessary fixed Signals lowered to give permission for the train to proceed.
(f) If the train is assisted by an engine in the rear, a Green Flag by day and a Green Light by night, held steadily in the hand, must also be exhibited to the Driver of the engine in the rear of the train.
41. (a) At places where Starting Signals are not provided, when a train has been stopped at the Home Signal, and it is necessary to draw it within such Signal before the Line ahead is clear, the Signalman must lower the Home Signal after verbally instructing the Engine-driver to bring his train under the protection of the Home Signal.
(b) Where the Home Signal is such a distance from the Signal-box that it is not possible for the Signalman to communicate verbally with the Driver when the engine is standing at the Home Signal, and there is no Calling-on Arm, the Signalman must, after bringing the train to a stand at the home Signal, lower it to allow the Engine-driver to draw to his Box, and must stop the train at the Box by exhibiting a Red Flag by day and a Red Light by night, and then, by verbal instructions, give the Engine-driver clearly to understand the state of the Line ahead.
(c) Engine-drivers must not go forward until they clearly understand the verbal communication which the Signalman has made to them as to the state of the Line ahead, and then only with their engines under the needful control to ensure safety.
(d) When the Line is clear the Signal for the train to proceed must be given by the Signalman showing the Engine-driver a Green Light by night and a Green Flag by day, held steadily in the hand.
42. Whenever the Distant Signal is at Danger the Danger Signal must also be exhibited at the Home signal, except when a train has passed the Distant Signal at Danger, in which case the Home Signal only must be lowered to allow the train to pass.
CALLING-ON SIGNALS
43. (a) Where Short Arms are fixed upon the Home Signal posts as Calling-on Signals they are placed below the Home Signal. When a Calling-on Arm is lowered the Engine-driver must draw forward past the post of the Signal on which the Calling-on Arm is fixed, as far as the Line is clear. If, after lowering the Calling-on Arm, The Signalman wishes to communicate with the Engine-driver, and the Signal-box is ahead of the Calling-on Arm, he must show a Hand Danger Signal from the Box to stop him. The lowering of the Calling-on Arm is not an authority for a Starting Signal to be passed at Danger.
(b) Unless instructions are issued to the contrary, the Calling-on Arm must not be lowered until the train has been brought to a stand at the Home Signal.
STARTING AND ADVANCED STARTING SIGNALS
44. Starting Signals (where Advanced Starting Signals are not provided), and Advanced Starting Signals control the entrance of trains into the Section ahead, and must not be passed when at Danger, except as follow:-
(a) where there are Shunting Arms. See Rule 46.
(b) When Signal is defective. See Rule 73.
(c) Single Line Working during Obstruction. See Rule 232.
(d) Where the Points of Sidings or Crossover-roads are so near to a Starting or Advanced Starting Signal as to render it necessary for the Signal to be passed for shunting purposes, and a Shunting Arm is not provided, Engine-drivers may, for the purpose of performing shunting operations, pass the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal when at Danger upon being directed to by the Signalman, either verbally or by a Green Hand Signal, which must be held steadily in the hand, but they must not proceed on their journey until the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal has been lowered.
45. (a) Where Advanced Starting Signals are provided the Starting Signal must not be passed at Danger, but when the Line is clear between the Starting and Advanced Starting Signals, and the Advanced Starting Signal is at Danger, the Signalman must, when necessary, after a train has been brought to a stand, lower the Starting Signal to allow such train to proceed towards the Advanced Staring Signal.
(b) When a train has gone forward into the Section in advance, the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal which controls the entrance of trains into such Section must be put to, and kept at, Danger until it is again necessary to lower it for a following train to pass, in accordance with the prescribed Regulations. So long as the Starting Signal is at Danger, the Home and Distant Signals must also be kept at Danger until a following train is close to the Home Signal, and has been brought quite, or nearly to, a stand at it, when that Signal may be lowered so as to admit of the train stopping at the platform or at the Starting Signal.
(c) Except where instructions are issued to the contrary, when a train has passed the Signal-box and is brought to a stand at the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal, the Engine-driver must understand that the lowering of the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal is an indication that the Line is only clear to the Home Signal at the Signal-box in advance, and that he must regulate the speed of his train in the same way as if he had been verbally instructed to proceed under the "Section Clear but Station or Junction Blocked" signal.
(d) In foggy weather or during falling snow trains waiting "Line Clear" must, as far as practicable, be kept within the sight of the Signalman, and, unless special instructions are issued to the contrary, no train must be drawn past the Starting Signal towards the Advanced Starting Signal, except for Station duties or Shunting purposes.
SHUNTING SIGNALS
46. Where these Signals are fixed as lower Arms upon the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal posts, the lowering of the Shunting Arm authorises an Engine-driver to pass, for shunting purposes only, the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal when at Danger, but no train must go forward on its journey until the Starting or Advanced Starting Signal is lowered.
DISC OR DWARF SIGNALS
47. (a) Where these Signals are used to regulate the passage of trains between Sidings and Running Lines, or between one Running Line and another, or Shunting operations in Sidings, the Danger Signal is shown, in the daytime by a Red Disc, or Dwarf Signal with a Short Arm, and at night by a red light.
(b) The All Right Signal is shown, in the daytime, by the Disc being turned off, or the Arm being lowered, and at night by a Green Light.
SIDING SIGNALS
48. (a) When the exit from Sidings is controlled by Disc or Semaphore Signals no attempt must be made to take a train from such Sidings until the Signal is turned off or lowered, nor must an Engine-driver, whilst waiting for such Signal to be turned off or lowered, allow his engine to stand foul of any other Line.
(b) When a Signal applies to more than one Siding, and more than one Engine is in the Sidings at the same time, no Engine-driver must move towards the Signal until he has been instructed to do so by the Foreman Shunter or other person in charge.
BACK LIGHTS OF FIXED SIGNALS
49. The Back Lights of Fixed Signals show a White Light to the Signalman when at Danger, and a Purple Light or no Light when at All Right.
